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Ananda Thuriya ((ビルマ語:အနန္တ သူရိယ), ; d. 1174) was a senior minister to kings Sithu I, Narathu and Naratheinkha of the Pagan Dynasty of Myanmar. He is best remembered in Burmese history for the poem he wrote for King Sithu II, just a few minutes before his execution. The extant poem, likely a result of a 14th century update, is considered to be the first known instance of poetry in Burmese as well as monarchical criticism. ==Brief== The future minister, whose personal name is lost to history, began his career as a royal attendant at the palace of King Sithu I (r. 1112–67) in Pagan (Bagan). Descended from a line of royal attendants,〔MSK Vol. 9 1975: 166〕 he attended to the children of Prince Narathu, including Naratheinkha and Sithu II.〔Hmannan Vol. 1 2003: 316〕 He was a tutor to Naratheinkha.〔Harvey 1925: 54〕 The attendant entered the upper echelons of power in 1151 when the king promoted him to serve as a royal adviser/minister (''amat'' ()), with the title of Ananda Thuriya.〔Yazawin Thit Vol. 1 2012: 118–119〕 The appointment certainly was not a routine matter as ministers of the day were usually drawn from more distant branches of the royal family.〔Aung-Thwin 1985: 130–131〕 Royal chronicles say that Crown Prince Min Shin Saw vigorously opposed the appointment because of the attendant's commoner origins.〔(Maha Yazawin Vol. 1 2006: 202), (Yazawin Thit Vol. 1 2012: 118–119) and (Hmannan Vol. 1 2003: 303): Sithu I permitted Ananda Thuriya to wear an attire reserved for senior princes; when the crown prince saw Ananda Thuriya in the princely attire, the prince forced the commoner to change the attire right away; and when the king heard of what happened, a heated argument began between the king and the crown prince, which eventually led to the exile of the crown prince to the north.〕 He may have also viewed Ananda Thuriya as too close to his younger brother and rival Narathu. At any rate, Min Shin Saw lost the power struggle, and was exiled.〔Hmannan Vol. 1 2003: 303〕 In the following years, Narathu became the de facto heir-apparent, and Ananda Thuriya's career continued to rise alongside his patron's.〔Hmannan Vol. 2003: 304〕 He became a senior minister in 1167 after Narathu had seized the throne by assassinating both Sithu I and Min Shin Saw. He continued to serve in the role when Narathu's eldest son and his former pupil Naratheinkha became in king in 1171. In 1174, Ananda Thuriya became ensnared in a power struggle between Naratheinkha and his younger brother Crown Prince Narapati. Chronicles say that the king tried to remove the crown prince because he coveted his brother's "exotically beautiful" consort Weluwaddy. The younger brother, who was commander-in-chief of the army, learned of the plan, and instead had the elder brother assassinated, and seized the throne.〔Hmannan Vol. 1 2003: 313–315〕 The younger brother, now King Sithu II, considered Ananda Thuriya too close to his brother, and ordered the execution of the aged courtier. At the execution site, Ananda Thuriya wrote a four-stanza poem to be presented to the king.〔 Sithu II pardoned the minister immediately after having read the poem. But it was too late: he was informed that the old minister had already been executed. Chronicles say that the king sobbed uncontrollably before everyone, and was filled with regret, reminiscing how he was raised by the late minister. The king now decreed that his death sentences from then on were to be carried out only after a cooling-off period of a month.〔Hmannan Vol. 2003: 317〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Ananda Thuriya」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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